The three case studies involve intercultural conflict between migrants and the host society, but also conflicts between migrants of different origin or culture, and intra-communal conflict. These conflicts occur in digital networks and are influencing and are influenced by what is called here by the different research teams interchangeably as ‘real’, ‘offline’, ‘material’ or ‘physical’. Nevertheless, the intention of the research design and philosophical standpoint is to integrate virtuality and materiality as far as this is possible in the analysis. In Cyprus, urban spaces are contested by migrant and anti-migrant groups and played on-line and off-line in an interplay that reproduces digital and non-digital materialities. In Greece similarly, urban spaces in Athens are contested by the practices of its Greek residents, but also by migrant and digital networks showing how online conflict is conditioned by and, in turn, influences the eruption of racist violence. In the UK, conflicts between the Russian speaking post-Soviet diaspora and migrants of other origin, and also conflicts between the former and host society are analysed to identify axes of tensions and dialogue taking place in digital networks in response to political events and how groups are mobilized online to take action in the ‘real world’. In this sense, the three case studies are preoccupied with examining intersectional conflict, particularly racist and anti-racist discourses, ethnonationalism, multiculturalism and ideology in digital networks, and negotiations of identity and difference in the production of digital media and their embeddings in everyday life.